Diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure: diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic aspects

Table 3 Criteria for diastolic HF according to the European Society of Cardiology (53).

Signs and symptoms of HF	Effort dyspnoea, Hortopnoea, III-IV tones, Pulmonary rales
Normal or mildly reduced LV systolic function	EF ≥ 45 % e LVIDDi > 3.2 cm·m ^-2
Evidence of abnormalities LV of relaxation/filling and/or distensibility	IVRT _{<30 years} > 92 ms, _{30–50 years} > 100 ms, _{>50 years} > 105 msc E/A<1 + DT>220 ms + S/D<1.5 _{<50 years} E/A<0.5 + DT>280 msec + S/S>2.5 _{>-50 years}

DT = deceleration time of E velocity, E/A = ratio of early diastolic velocity to atrial velocity, EF = ejection fraction, HF = heart failure, IVRT = isovolumic relaxation time, LV = left ventricular, LVIDDi = left ventricular internal diastolic diameter index, S/D = ratio of systolic to diastolic velocity of venous pulmonary veins

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